Showing posts with label Aboriginals. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Aboriginals. Show all posts

Monday, 18 March 2019

Maximizing a Search in the Canadiana Collection - Part II





At Canadiana.org we will take a look at the section for Early Canadiana Online
This section holds full text content about historical Canada, including books, magazines and government documents. These works are from the time of first European settlers until about 1950s, and span 21 European and Aboriginal languages. 





This section is for you if your ancestors were early arrivals, in the fur trade, or if you have Metis or Aboriginal ancestors (also check Aboriginal newspapers in Part I). The various medical journals may hold names of ancestors or tell about epidemics that occurred. Here is where you will also find treaties and acts of government.

This time I searched for my husband's Nolin family as they have been in Canada a long time and entered in the fur trade. A few were famous interpreters at trials and meetings. This shows how many Nolin results are in each collection in this section...





I chose Hudson's Bay Company, as that would give me results for the Nolin family that worked and lived in that area. The last entry on page 1 interested me... 
The Hudson's Bay Company's land tenures.. 


At the top I click on the page numbers that match my search and the second one gives me lot numbers that were granted to Augustin and Jean Nolin




When finished browsing use the "back to results" link, otherwise the browser back button will just take you back to the last page you looked at.

I tried a search for Seale, not expecting too much, as it usually reads as "scale". 
I filter my results on the left. For the "search in" menu I choose text. I change the year span to when my ancestor arrived. I then checkmarked the "Genealogy and local history" collection.  Using the filters cuts the number of results to a more manageable size, making the task less daunting. You can also use the minus sign in your search. I was getting many results for "voters lists" which I've seen before and don't need. When I type in the search box "Seale -voters" the number of results went down by about a third. Adding "-directory" again lessened the number of results. Seems like you can keep adding minus keywords to pare down your results. You can also use the plus sign, but I find it doesn't work as well.


Some results were militia lists, but one result looked promising as my "Seale others" lived in that area...




There are 3 pages which match my search. Good thing I looked as here they talk about George Seale, the brother of Joseph. I have Joseph on my tree but not George. This tells me about the lands he bought and sold, who and when he married, how many children he had and some of their names, etc. Now I can add George to my tree and do more research on him.

As always, I add the URL to the web link section in the Sources column on their profile page of my Ancestry tree.

You can search your ancestor's place name too and remember the program may not be properly reading the keyword you type, like my seale vs scale, or your ancestor name may be there but too faded to read. 

From the home page you can choose a collection of interest and click browse a collection





This is useful when you don't really know what you're looking for and want to see what is available. You may come across some American publications.





When you choose a result you will be in the View tab by default, and clicking on the About tab will give you information on the publication you are looking at. 
You can search within the document on any page.  

Happy hunting!


Relevant Links






Related Post







Wednesday, 24 May 2017

Canada 150 - Pelagic Sealing Dispute






During our country's 150th anniversary celebration of confederation I will write posts titled Canada 150 with a link to a publication or website I find that may help you tell the story of your Canadian ancestors.
Click on the Canada 150 label on the right or at the bottom to see all the posts.

Today I have for you...


Pelagic Sealing Dispute



What is Pelagic Sealing? According to the document in the 1919 Sessional Papers...
"The term pelagic sealing is defined, for the purpose of this convention, as meaning the killing, capturing or pursuing in any manner whatever, of fur seals at sea." 
They further add that Pelagic comes from the Greek word "pelagos" meaning ocean.

This paper arose from an investigation begun 10 June 1913 by Louis Arthur Audette, Assistant Judge to the Exchequer Court of Canada, into claims by Canadian pelagic sealers of the North Pacific who feel they sustained losses by the Pelagic Sealing Treaty of 1911 (start of preservation of seals) between Canada, the United States, Russia and Japan, and the regulations under the Paris Treaty of 1893.



The Schedules with different classes of claimants names begin at the 278 mark (pg 14 of Paper No.79)




Most claimants are aboriginals from British Columbia, with a few claimants from Nova Scotia.



Relevant Links


Pelagic Sealing Commissioners Report, 1919 Sessional Papers (Mark 264 - 326)

Behering Sea Award Act 1894

Fur Seal Treaty of 1911 (from NOAA)



Monday, 16 November 2015

Nolin Brothers and the Northwest Rebellion



Charles, Joseph and Duncan Nolin, 3 of the 11 children of Augustin Nolin and Hélène-Anne Cameron of Manitoba, were farmers and fur traders in Pointe-de-Chêne (Ste-Anne-des-Chênes) in the 1850s. Speaking French, Michif, Cree and English, some of the Nolin brothers, including Augustin Jr, were often called upon by the authorities as translators. By the late 1860s the prosperous Nolin brothers were siding with the more conservative or “loyalist” Métis who supported the Council of Assiniboia and the proposed transfer of Rupert’s Land to Canada. Charles became involved in the provisional government that Louis Riel had set up to replace the Council of Assiniboia. Representing Ste-Anne-des-Chênes, Charles was one of 20 French-speaking delegates elected to a convention called by Louis Riel which first met on 26 Jan. 1870, and he was appointed to its executive committee. Charles and Louis Riel (first cousins by marriage) didn’t see eye to eye and Riel even attempted to have him arrested. Charles reluctantly agreed to support the provisional government and its leader. He was elected later in February to the 24-member assembly that had been established by the convention, but he was soon removed from it and jailed for a short time. After the adoption of the Manitoba Act in May 1870, Riel visited Ste-Anne-des-Chênes in hope of reconciliation. The animosity between the two factions was so great, however, that the Nolin family threatened him.  In March 1871 Charles wrote a letter of apology to Riel and there was renewed solidarity among the Métis.

Louis Riel’s actions in the following years angered English Canada, which, not willing to understand the validity of the Métis' and First Nations' claims, called on the Macdonald government to act. It sent the Canadian militia to Batoche, Calgary and Battleford, Saskatchewan. The Indian and Métis resistance could not survive against the strength of the Canadian militia.  After the battle of Duck Lake on 26 March Charles Nolin was promptly arrested and jailed by the NWMP. His wife and young children sought refuge with the priests at Batoche. In exchange for his freedom at the end of the hostilities Charles Nolin agreed to become one of the crown’s chief witnesses against Riel.

On 2 April 1885, Big Bear’s band of Cree went to Frog Lake and massacred some of the inhabitants and took some captive.  Two ladies, Theresa Gowanlock and Theresa Delaney, whose husbands were slain, were rescued by Adolphus Nolin (son of Charles) and another interpreter, John Pritchard.  Adolphus bought Mrs. Delaney for 2 ponies, and Pritchard bought Mrs. Gowanlock for 1 pony.  

 On May 12, 1885, the rebellion ended. Riel gave himself up to the North West Mounted Police. Louis Riel was tried in Regina where he was found guilty and sentenced to death. Louis Riel was hanged on November 16, 1885, in the North West Mounted Police quarters in Regina.  Many of the Métis were tried for treason, including some of the Nolin men.  Most were acquitted.




Charles Nolin was a Métis leader who, along with Riel, Lépine, and Dumont, was genuinely interested in the promotion of his people’s rights and interests.


Note:  One of my Seale ancestors fought with the NWMP during the Rebellion against my husband's Métis ancestors.


Related Posts:  Métis





Sunday, 4 October 2015

Serendipity Sunday - North West Mounted Police Business and Rebellion - 1885



The Nolin family may have had a big part in the fur trade in the 1700's and education for aboriginal and Métis girls in the early 1800's, but some were also quite involved in the Métis rebellions. Anything about the Métis history interests me. So I was pretty excited when I came across this Report.

After the Red River Rebellion of 1869-1870 the Métis moved from Manitoba to the northwest territories of Canada, settling in parts of Alberta and Saskatchewan. Things didn't go the way they had hoped and in 1885 they brought Louis Riel out of exile in the USA to lead them in their next fight against the Canadian government. The Northwest Rebellion of 1885 was short lived, but many died.



The following year the Sessional Papers of the Dominion of Canada of 1886 contained The Report of the Commissioner of the North West Mounted Police 1885, submitted by John A Macdonald, the Superintendent-general of Indian Affairs. 

Part I reports of ordinary NWMP business and cases, including murders and horse theft.

Part II reports about the rebellion from the time Louis Riel came back into the country.
The whole section is interesting reading.

Besides the various reports and letters, there are also lists of names in appendix. I have provided links to them here.




Relevant Links


Lunatics Part I

Wounded and Killed - March 26, 1885 at Duck Lake

Prince Albert Volunteer Company: men at Duck Lake March 1885

North West Mounted Police: D Division: men at Duck Lake March 1885

North West Mounted Police: men at Cut Knife Hill, May 1885 (+next page)

Men of C Division attached to Alberta Field Force (+ itinerary next page)

NWMP sick reports, surgeries, diseases (very few names, but interesting info, turn page)

Men of the NWMP and PA Volunteers killed / wounded

Criminal and other cases tried in the North West Territories (+ turn pages) 

Cases Tried and Criminals Confined at Battleford to Nov 1885 (+turn pages)

Cases Tried at Calgary, North West Territories to Nov 1885 (+ turn pages)

Cases Tried at Calgary and Prince Albert, NWT to Nov 1885

Cases Tried at Prince Albert and Edmonton, NWT to Nov 1885

All claims to land and right to participate in the North West Half Breed Grant by settlers of South Saskatchewan and vicinity

Lists of Claimants to land



Related Post:  Metis


Sunday, 21 June 2015

National Aboriginal Day - June 21


The Métis are recognized as one of the Aboriginal Peoples of Canada. To celebrate his heritage and honour his forefathers, my husband registered and sent for his Metis status card. 



His 7x great grandfather was Jacques Nolin who came to Canada from France sometime before 1666 and settled at Ile d'Orleans. His 4x great grandfather was Jean Baptiste Nolin, well known and respected fur trader from Sault Ste Marie to Red River and Pembina. Jean Baptiste married Angelique Couvret, the Métis daughter of another fur trader, Victor Couvret and his wife Charlotte, a Saulteaux member of the Ojibwe Nation. 

My husband's father was also proud of his Métis heritage. Not all his family feels this way, still feeling the old stigma of being labeled a Métis or half-breed. Some of them even changed their name from Nolin to Nolan, hoping they were from the Irish Nolan's. 

"Denying who you are does not change anything," my husband says, "I am proud to stand with ALL my forefathers!"



Monday, 11 May 2015

Indigenous Genealogy




If you are researching Aboriginal roots in North America, there are many books at Internet Archive that can help to add to the stories of your ancestors. 

There are books on language, culture, crafts, wars etc... for different areas and tribes.  What I have tried to find for you are materials that have people's names in them. So listed below are some books of interest, and quite a few that list people by name. Also some websites where you may find more information.

In Canada there were often censuses taken, some only reported how many people in a tribe, but quite a few are with names of people. These are at LAC and the link is below.

I also gave some links to Department of Indian Affairs, where my great-grand uncle was a clerk for 27 years.

To search use keywords: indian, native, aboriginal, eskimo, aleut, indigenous people, etc



Relevant Links

Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (US)

LAC (Library and Archives Canada) Indigenous Heritage

Guide to searching Indigenous records at LAC

Tip* Go to Advanced Research, in the first search box type RG10, in next box type what you are looking for (ie; census, register, etc from list on Guide)

LAC - Native censuses - browse, scroll down, next page - click on MIKAN number or "continue viewing this series of images" to go to that record set.

Indian Census Rolls of North America (US) 1885-1940

Rolls of Certain Indian Tribes in Oregon and Washington - 1906

Records for Indigenous Australians

The administration of Indian Affairs in Canada 1915

Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs (Several Years) Employees at back

Sessional Papers of the Dominion of Canada (Indian Affairs - employees and salaries)

List of Cherokee general fund warrants unpaid August 20, 1898

Personal names of Indians of New Jersey; List of Six Hundred and Fifty names 1904

Our Indian Homes at Sault Ste Marie, Ont - 1887 ("homes" for boys and girls)

Descriptions and Plans of Certain Indian Reserves in the Province of Manitoba and the North-West Territories

Document ordering Daniel Claus, agent for Indian Affairs in Canada, to pay for leggings

Grammar and dictionary of the Blackfoot language in the Dominion of Canada 1889

Census of the Indians and Eskimos in Canada 1924 (Agencies and Bands)

C. Hart Merriam papers relating to work with California Indians 1850-1974

Charleston 1860 - Tax on property paid by persons of Indian descent and free persons of colour.

The Constitution of the Cambridge branch of the Massachusetts Indian Association; and a list of its officers and members - 1886

Bishop Hare's Indian boarding schools in South Dakota 1910

Chilocco Indian Agricultural School yearbooks (Oklahoma) 1931, 1932, 1933

Voyages and travels of an Indian interpreter and trader; also dictionary of Chippeway, Iroquois, Mohegan, Shawnee and Esquimeaux tongues. 1791

Genealogy on FaceBook list, containing groups for Native American researchers. April 2014




See also the article on Métis




Sunday, 18 May 2014

Serendipity Sunday – Smoke and Mirrors



I found this interesting book while I was researching my husband’s ancestors.

General Philip was a Union General during the American Civil War.  It seems he instructed Captain W P Clark to write his account of the “customs and peculiarities” of the American Indians and the meaning of their “gesture” language. Captain Clark recounts his time living with the Indians for a few years and how he often used his knowledge of their language as a check on unreliable interpreters.

Besides the explanations of the hand gestures,  proper names and phrases, he writes about signals by pony, blanket, smoke and mirrors.



The Indian Sign Language, with explanatory notes of the gestures.




Friday, 16 May 2014

Métis



The Métis are the descendants of mixed First Nations and European people, either French-Métis or Anglo-Métis (mostly Scottish or English).  The most historically documented are those from the fur trading days in Manitoba and Saskatchewan.  Many fur traders and trappers married Indian women, not only for protection her tribe could offer him, but for skills to survive the harsh northern winters. The Métis have a deep-rooted culture in Canada and parts of the US.

If your ancestor was descended from an early Métis family, there are some records online, and other places you can do research. There are many books in French and in English if you want to learn more. You may notice that on Census forms many declared themselves as being white. Old fur trader Augustin Nolin's children had been sent for schooling in Montreal, and his 2 daughters Angelique and Marguerite started the first school for girls in western Canada at St Bonifice in 1829.


In the mid 1800’s the Canadian government offered Scrip to the Métis people, which was good for acres of land or money at $1.00 an acre.  You can read about this in some of the links below. This collection of records is not complete but the affidavits for scrip can be used as proof of birth when there is no birth record to be found.
Relevant Links:

Metis culture 1750-1790

Images of original scrip affidavits at LAC 

Glenbow Museum - Metis files

History of the North West

Genealogy of the first Metis Nation: Red River households 1818-1870

Half-breed Scrip of the Red Lake and Pembina Bands of Chippewa and the US

Voyageur Heritage Resources

Half-Breed Scrip; Chippewas of Lake Superior

Michigan Land Grants  (free e-book - American State Papers)

1836 Mixed Blood Census Register (Michigan)

Saskatchewan Metis

Lines Drawn Upon the Water

Families of the Northwest Resistance

Census of Natives across Canada (not indexed)

Voyages and travels of an Indian interpreter and trader, : describing the manners and customs of the North American Indians; with an account of the posts situated on the river Saint Laurence, Lake Ontario, &c. : To which is added, a vocabulary of the Chippeway language. Names of furs and skins, in English and French. A list of words in the Iroquois, Mohegan, Shawanee, and Esquimeaux tongues, and a table, shewing the analogy between the Algonkin and Chippeway languages – 1791




NOTE: Website authors doing updates to their sites may change their URLs. You can probably find it again by googling the subject.

By joining our Facebook Group you get other genealogy news from time to time, and under the FILES tab you can download pages of links that go with the posts.

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